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package com.canrd.webmagic.processor;
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import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
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import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.CollectionUtils;
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import com.canrd.webmagic.common.utils.DateUtil;
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import com.canrd.webmagic.common.utils.KeywordUtil;
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import com.canrd.webmagic.common.utils.StringUtils;
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import com.canrd.webmagic.domain.ArticleTypeEnum;
import com.canrd.webmagic.domain.dto.ArticleDO;
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import com.canrd.webmagic.processor.config.Agent;
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import com.canrd.webmagic.processor.pipeline.ArticlePipeline;
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import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
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import us.codecraft.webmagic.Page;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Site;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Spider;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.processor.PageProcessor;
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import us.codecraft.webmagic.selector.Html;
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import us.codecraft.webmagic.selector.Selectable;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.selector.XpathSelector;
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import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
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import java.util.stream.Collectors;
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/**
* @author: xms
* @description: TODO
* @date: 2024/4/1 14:19
* @version: 1.0
*/
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@Slf4j
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@Component
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public class NatureSearchPageProcessor implements PageProcessor {
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private String agent = Agent.getRandom();
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// 抓取网站的相关配置,包括编码、抓取间隔、重试次数等
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private Site site = Site.me().setRetryTimes(3).setSleepTime(100);
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/**
* 定制爬虫逻辑的核心接口,在这里编写抽取逻辑
*
* @param page
*/
@Override
public void process(Page page) {
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if (page.getUrl().get().contains("search")) {
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doArticleList(page);
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} else if (page.getUrl().get().contains("research-articles")) {
doArticleList4ReSearch(page);
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} else {
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doArticleContent(page);
}
}
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/**
* @param page
*/
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private void doArticleList4ReSearch(Page page) {
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String url = page.getUrl().get();
/**
* 通过page.getHtml()可以获取到main函数中Spider.create(new BaiduHotSearchPageProcessor()).addUrl中的地址的网页内容
* 1、通过$或css()方法获取到该page html下某元素dom
*/
Selectable selectable = page.getHtml().$(".app-article-list-row").select(
new XpathSelector("li[@class='app-article-list-row__item']")
);
List<Selectable> nodes = selectable.nodes();
/**
* 获取到指定的dom后,从这些dom中提取元素内容。
*/
for (int i = 1; i <= nodes.size() - 1; i++) {
Selectable node = nodes.get(i).$(".u-full-height").nodes().get(2).nodes().get(0).$(".u-full-height").select(new XpathSelector("a[@class='c-card__link u-link-inherit']")).nodes().get(0);
String link = node.$("a", "href").get();
String title = node.$("a", "text").get();
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if (KeywordUtil.containKeywordsInTitle(title)) {
page.addTargetRequest(link);
log.info("research文章列表链接:{},标题:{},文章链接:{}", url, title, link);
}
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}
}
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/**
* @param page
*/
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private void doArticleContent(Page page) {
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if (page.getUrl().get().contains("redirect") || !page.getUrl().get().contains("nature")) {
return;
}
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//解析页面
Html html = page.getHtml();
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String articleCode = page.getUrl().get();
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Selectable headSelectable = html.xpath("//div[@class='c-article-header']/header");
List<Selectable> authorEmailSelectables = html.xpath("//p[@id='corresponding-author-list']/a").nodes();
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Selectable referencesSelectable = html.xpath("//ol[@class='c-article-references']").select(new XpathSelector("li[@class='c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item']"));
Selectable authorAddressSelectable = html.xpath("//ol[@class='c-article-author-affiliation__list']").select(new XpathSelector("li"));
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String title = headSelectable.xpath("//div/h1/text()").get();
if (StringUtils.isBlank(title)) {
title = headSelectable.xpath("//h1/text()").get();
}
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String articleDesc = html.xpath("//div[@class='c-article-section__content']/p/text()").get();
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String publishTime;
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Date publishTimeDateTime = null;
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try {
publishTime = headSelectable.xpath("//ul").nodes().get(0).xpath("//li").nodes().get(2).xpath("//li/time/text()").get();
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} catch (Exception e) {
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try {
publishTime = headSelectable.xpath("//ul").nodes().get(0).xpath("//li").nodes().get(1).xpath("//li/time/text()").get();
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} catch (Exception e1) {
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publishTime = headSelectable.xpath("//ul").nodes().get(0).xpath("//li").nodes().get(0).xpath("//li/time/text()").get();
}
}
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SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("dd MMMM yyyy", Locale.ENGLISH);
try {
publishTimeDateTime = formatter.parse(publishTime);
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
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Selectable authorSelectable = headSelectable.xpath("//ul").nodes().get(1).select(new XpathSelector("li[@class='c-article-author-list__item']"));
List<Selectable> authorNodes = authorSelectable.nodes();
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StringBuffer authorName = new StringBuffer();
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for (Selectable node : authorNodes) {
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authorName.append(node.xpath("//a/text()"));
}
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JSONArray authorAddress = new JSONArray();
List<Selectable> authorAddressList = authorAddressSelectable.nodes();
if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(authorAddressList)) {
for (Selectable selectable : authorAddressList) {
String address = selectable.xpath("//p").xpath("//p[@class='c-article-author-affiliation__address']/text()").get();
String authorNames = selectable.xpath("//p").xpath("//p[@class='c-article-author-affiliation__authors-list']/text()").get();
JSONObject object = new JSONObject();
object.put("address", address);
object.put("authorNames", authorNames);
authorAddress.add(object);
}
}
JSONArray references = new JSONArray();
List<Selectable> referenceList = referencesSelectable.nodes();
if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(referenceList)) {
for (Selectable reference : referenceList) {
String referenceTitle = reference.xpath("//p").xpath("//p[@class='c-article-references__text']/text()").get();
List<Selectable> referenceLinks = reference.xpath("//p").xpath("//p[@class='c-article-references__links u-hide-print']").links().nodes();
List<String> links = new ArrayList<>();
if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(referenceLinks)) {
links = referenceLinks.stream().map(x -> x.get()).collect(Collectors.toList());
}
JSONObject object = new JSONObject();
object.put("referenceTitle", referenceTitle);
object.put("links", links);
if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(links)) {
page.addTargetRequests(links.stream().filter(x -> x.contains("nature")).collect(Collectors.toList()));
}
references.add(object);
}
}
JSONArray authorEmail = new JSONArray();
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for (Selectable authorEmailSelectable : authorEmailSelectables) {
String[] split = authorEmailSelectable.xpath("//a").links().get().split(":");
String email = Objects.isNull(split) ? "" : split[split.length - 1];
String authorEmailName = authorEmailSelectable.xpath("//a/text()").get();
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("authorEmailName", authorEmailName);
jsonObject.put("email", email);
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authorEmail.add(jsonObject);
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}
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log.info("文章链接:{},发布时间:{},标题:{},作者:{},邮箱信息:{}", articleCode, publishTime, title, authorEmail.toJSONString());
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page.putField("article", ArticleDO.builder()
.articleType(ArticleTypeEnum.NATURE.getType())
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.articleCode(articleCode)
.authorName(authorName.toString())
.title(title)
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.publishTime(Objects.isNull(publishTimeDateTime) ? publishTime : DateUtil.format(publishTimeDateTime, DateUtil.DATE))
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.emailInfo(authorEmail.toJSONString())
.articleDesc(articleDesc)
.authorAddress(authorAddress.toJSONString())
.referenceInfo(references.toJSONString()).build());
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}
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private void doArticleList(Page page) {
String url = page.getUrl().get();
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/**
* 通过page.getHtml()可以获取到main函数中Spider.create(new BaiduHotSearchPageProcessor()).addUrl中的地址的网页内容
* 1、通过$或css()方法获取到该page html下某元素dom
*/
Selectable selectable = page.getHtml().$(".app-article-list-row").select(
new XpathSelector("li[@class='app-article-list-row__item']")
);
List<Selectable> nodes = selectable.nodes();
/**
* 获取到指定的dom后,从这些dom中提取元素内容。
*/
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for (int i = 0; i <= nodes.size() - 1; i++) {
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Selectable node = nodes.get(i).$(".u-full-height").nodes().get(2).nodes().get(0).$(".u-full-height").select(new XpathSelector("a[@class='c-card__link u-link-inherit']")).nodes().get(0);
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String link = node.links().get();
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String title = node.$("a", "text").get();
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if (KeywordUtil.containKeywordsInTitle(title)) {
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String publishTime = nodes.get(i).xpath("//div[@class='c-card__section c-meta']/time/text()").get();
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("dd MMMM yyyy", Locale.ENGLISH);
try {
Date publishTimeDateTime = formatter.parse(publishTime);
if (!publishTimeDateTime.before(DateUtil.localDate2Date(DateUtil.parseDate("2000-01-01", DateUtil.DATE)))) {
page.addTargetRequest(link);
log.info("关键字文章列表链接:{},标题:{},文章链接:{}", url, title, link);
}
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
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}
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}
}
@Override
public Site getSite() {
return site;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 创建一个Spider,并把我们的处理器放进去
Spider.create(new NatureSearchPageProcessor())
// 添加这个Spider要爬取的网页地址
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.addUrl("https://www.nature.com/nature/research-articles?sort=PubDate&page=1")
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.addPipeline(new ArticlePipeline())
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// 开启5个线程执行,并开始爬取
.thread(5).run();
}
}
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